NEW YORK CITY

New York City is the largest city in the United States and the sixth largest in the world. New York City is one of the world's most important centers of business, culture, and trade. New York City has a population of more than 7 million. It is also the home of the United Nations. Much of what happens in New York City affects what happens throughout the United States and around the world.

New York City lies at the mouth of the Hudson River. The city is divided into five areas called boroughs - Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn, and Staten Island. Each is a county of New York State. Within the five boroughs are more than 100 neighborhoods, such as Manhattan 's Chinatown , Greenwich Village , and Harlem .

The business, financial, and trading organizations in New York City play a major role in the economy of the nation and of the world. The banks, stock exchanges, and other financial institutions in the city's famous Wall Street area help to provide the money used by most large U.S. corporations. The skyscrapers that form the spectacular New York skyline house the home offices of many national and international business firms.

New York City ranks third after Los Angeles and Chicago among the leading manufacturing centers in the United States . It has about 17,000 industrial plants. The most important industries are (1) printing and publishing and (2) clothing production. Other leading manufacturing industries include those that produce chemicals, food products, furniture, machinery, metal products, paper products, and textiles. New York City's port is one of the world's largest and busiest seaports.

Nearly all the arts thrive in New York City. Most important American plays and musical comedies have their premieres in the city's famous Theatre District. The theatres in this district are called «Broadway» theatres, though few are actually on that street. The New York Philharmonic, one of the world's great symphony orchestras, and the Metropolitan Opera Association, an outstanding opera company, per­form at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. Lincoln Center also houses the New York City Ballet. Many concerts are held at Carnegie Hall. New York City has many museums. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is the largest museum in the United States. It has more than 3 million works of art. Several New York City museums specialize in modern art. The Museum of Modern Art , and the Guggenheim Museum are the most famous. The American Museum of Natural History has the largest amount of exhibition space of any natural history museum in the world. The New York Public Library is the largest city public library in the United States. It has more than 11 million volumes.

New York's best - known style of architecture is the towering skyscraper. The giant buildings that form Manhattan's dramatic skyline are famous throughout the world. During the 1930's, several famous skyscrapers were built in New York City. The most famous is the 102-story Empire State Building. It ranked as the world's tallest building for many years. Several New York City churches are famous for their Gothic style of architecture. They include the Episcopal Cathedral of St. John the Divine, and the Roman Catholic St. Patrick's Cathedral.

New York City is the nation's most important center for mass communications. Three general newspapers - the «Daily News», the «New York Post», and «The New York Times» -are published daily in New York City. Most major national magazines have their offices in New York City. It has nearly 60 radio and television stations.

New York City has several universities. The City University of New York is one of the largest universities in the world. Many of New York City's colleges, universities, and other institutions of higher learning are world famous.

New York City was founded by the Dutch settlers on Manhattan Island. In 1625, the settlers laid out a town and built a fort called Fort Amsterdam at the island's southern tip. The next year, the governor of the settlement, Peter Minuit, bought the island from the Indians for goods worth about 24 dollars.

Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island in New York Harbour is the world-famous symbol of American freedom. Other places of interest in the city are United Nations headquarters, Rockefeller Center on Fifth Avenue, Greenwich Village, Financial District, and many others. Each year, about 17 million tourists visit New York City.

New York City has many of the same problems other cities have. But it is so much larger than other cities that the problems are much greater. New York's major social problems include poverty, crime and drug addiction, and racial conflict.

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