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Nowadays the role of the state in employment relations should be significant in all countries, as current situation of the sphere of employment and the crisis all over the world demand more attention of the state considering this problem. This interference will help make a certain equilibrium in the employment sphere, as there have been made many changes recently and people were not protected from losing their jobs and reduction of their salary. This should be taken under control to provide the boost for the economy and to support people in difficult times.
Scientific predictions regarding the functions, roles and tasks of the state in society and in particular in the field of labor relations were also described the latest issue of American historiography. There is also a debate about the prospects of trade unionism: unions will remain a critical part of a liberal-democratic state and an effective tool for managing labor relations or lose their value? Predicted and the possible fate of the state regulation is the likely extent of its activity in this sphere.
Separation of American historiography (largely conditional) on the conservative and liberal lines is gradually giving way to consensus – the merging of positions within single liberal-democratic frameworks for understanding problems.
The predominance of consensual trend due to several factors, among which are the following two: The U.S. has a difficult transition from an industrial to a post-industrial phase, and the country seeks to maintain a leading position in the global market.
American researchers recognize that in a deep change in the economy, of society, industrial relations reforms are needed in both the political structures and traditional patterns of state regulation of labor relations. Many believe that the future state as a mega system, as a traditional shock absorber of the socio-economic interests and influences will control (in various forms) the most important vital processes of the country and address fundamental questions of its development. Regardless of the alignment of political forces, economic and ideological environment in the future state will retain an active role in society.
Both conservative and liberal scholars acknowledge that the emergence of post-industrial era requires the establishment of a qualitatively new social contract, the formation of a new concept of collective bargaining, a new level of cooperation between labor and capital, new functions for the government. In this case, however, there are put forward the forms and methods of updating a broad spectrum.
For conservatives, a new social contract is submitted outside the trade union movement, at the level of individual contracts, where employers and workers are united in a single framework for the conduct of affairs in the enterprise. Conservative direction as a whole recognizes the inevitability of the functioning of macro-economic structures of the state for funding and implementation of major projects, guarantees of certain social benefits for workers (health, welfare, unemployment insurance), but with absolute efficiency.
Representatives of the institutional school (liberal) 90-ies, like their predecessors in the late XIX – cc., bring to the fore the need for radical social reforms within the liberal-democratic model of the U.S. Criticizing the current system of governance, they believe that there will be the need to reform labor laws, proceedings, pension and social insurance, education, training and retraining of workers, taxation, including a scheme of the budget allocation of finance, etc.