- 22/01/2013
- Posted by: essay
- Category: Free essays
Everyone knows that American history in close connection to the Europe started in the end of the 15 century, when Christopher Columbus discovered American continent (at that times he thought that found new way to India). But it should be noted that in Mesoamerican period the relations between the tribes dwelling on the continent cold not be called good neighboring relations. The oppression of the dominating tribes upon the others was playing the core role in interethnic relations.
The European conquest of American continent started yet in the 16th century. The country-discoverer played the dominating role from the very beginning. It should be noted that the Spaniard demonstrated aggression and cruelty towards the indigenous dwellers of the continent, robbing, killing, abusing the local inhabitants. The conquest of the American continent turned out to be the genocide of the local tribes and the Spaniards were the ones who oppressed the locals and captured the powers: “By other massacres and murders besides the above, they have destroyed and devastated a kingdom more than a hundred leagues square, one of the hap – piest in the way of fertility and population in the world. This same tyrant wrote that it was more populous than the kingdom of Mexico; and he told the truth. He and his brothers, together with the others, have killed more than four or five million people in fifteen or sixteen years, from the year 1525 until 1540, and they continue to kill and destroy those who are still left; and so they will kill the remainder” (David Stannard, 1992, p. 81). The conquest turned into genocide of the local inhabitants. Despite the fact that Native American civilizations were quite well developed, the Spaniards were better armed and physically dominated Mesoamerican Indians. That is why it is not surprising that very soon the population of the native Indians was significantly decreased. According to David Stanford (1992, p. 85) in the Northern part of Mexico the local population was decreased from more than 2,5 million to less than 320 thousands. It should be mentioned that the natives population was extremely decreasing with the growth of European influence.
The same time the white race domination on the other races was set on the continent firmly. The following step o the development of white oppression of the non-whites was delivering of the slaves from Africa as the commodities. It should be taken into account that when the English settlements started there was no mention about making creation of the slavery institution. According to the investigators’ data yet in the beginning of the 17th century there was no word about equal treatment: “By 1700, when Africans began flooding into English America, they were treated as somehow deserving a life and status radically different from English and other European settlers” (Winthrop D. Jordan, 1974, p. 26). The slavery became essential as the developing region needed the workers and such a way corresponded to the vision of the colonists. At this period the territory of the United States was mainly occupied by agrarian household, which required cheap workforce – the Africans fully corresponded to the needs of the country. The whites severely explicated the slaves.
It should be mentioned that constant oppression of the whites the other races caused a number of severe conflicts, which actually ended by the abolition of the slavery (Robert Divine, 2004, p. 47). It should be noted that the earliest history of European Colonization of American continent is closely connected to the questions of conquest, slavery and legitimation of the non-whites rights.
References
Divine, Robert. The American Story. New York: Longman, 2004.
Jordan, Winthrop. The White Man’s Burden. Oxford University Press, 1974.
Stannard, David. American Holocaust. Oxford, University Press, 1992.
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