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Today, the schooling system of Jordan aims at the inclusion of possibly larger number of students. Historically, some groups of students, such as female students, used to be excluded from the education process but today the authorities attempt to extend the scope of education and cope with illiteracy. In actuality, information technologies can have a considerable impact on the development of the schooling system in Jordan because today information technologies and mobile technologies are under-developed and their use in Jordan is limited. Therefore, the wider use of information technologies can accelerate the development of the schooling system in Jordan. Information technologies can provide students with larger opportunities to get access to education online using mobile devices such as smart mobile phones, notebooks, netbooks, mobile phones and others. In addition, educators can use mobile technologies and devices such as iPhone, iPad, palmtops, PDAs and others. At the same time, the introduction of information technologies in the schooling system of Jordan raises the problem of the development of the effective curriculum that can integrate the use of information technologies and mobile technologies with the learning process and material students should learn. In this respect, the development of online courses and training programs for both students and educators can help them to tackle this problem and the wide use of mobile devices and information technologies will help students to get instructions and assistance from their educators online anytime they need it. The introduction of new technologies contributes to the wider accessibility of education and higher quality of education because new e-schooling. The use of mobile technologies allows students and educators to maintain communication via their phones and exchange information through their iPhones and similar devices using internet connection and telecommunication systems. However, the schooling system needs substantial changes, including the introduction of new information technologies, mobile technologies, provision of students and educators with mobile devices and stable network connection, training programs for students and educators to use the full potential of information technologies that can be used in education. Obviously, Jordan alone cannot afford developing the e-schooling system. Hence, the assistance of international organizations, such as UNESCO can help Jordan to improve its schooling system.

 

 

 

 
i. Introduction
Today, education is extremely important because it lays foundation to the professional career of an individual. Moreover, education contributes to the accumulation of knowledge and production of new knowledge that helps national economies to accelerate their development through introduction of innovations. In such a situation, it is important to find out the impact of the introduction of information technologies in schooling system, on the ground of the schooling system of Jordan. In such a situation, it is important to study the use of information technologies and mobile technologies in schooling system because they can facilitate consistently the access to education of larger number of students, regardless of their background and physical location.
ii. Statement of the problem
In actuality, the study will focus on the research of the information technologies and mobile technologies available and applicable to education and schooling system in Jordan. At the same time, it is important to assess the potential of the schooling system of Jordan to use new information technologies, mobile technologies and devices. If necessary, the study will define possible sources of funding of projects concerning the introduction of information technologies and mobile technologies in Jordan.
The problem is that Jordan needs to develop its information technologies and mobile technologies to implement them in the schooling system that will allow improving the quality of education. Jordan has a great potential in terms of the dev elopement of ITs and mobile technologies but it is necessary to implement them in the schooling system to encourage students to use them in their daily life and to develop new technologies as they grow up. Modern mobile devices and information technologies can make education available to all students, of any age, gender, social group, etc. if the new e-schooling system is introduced successfully.
In such a context, it is important to study the impact of new information and mobile technologies on schooling system of Jordan, possible problems that may arise in the course of introduction of information technologies, challenges educators and students may face and how they can overcome them. In addition, an important issue is funding of the introduction of new information technologies and creation of the new e-schooling system, because Jordan alone cannot afford funding such a large scale program which can revolutionize not only schooling system but also national economy of Jordan in a long-run perspective. In addition, it is important to study the development of m-schooling, which is grounded on the use of mobile technologies. This is why this study is essential because its findings can help Jordan to find ways to reach a qualitatively new level of the development of its schooling system and improvement of its economic growth.
iii. Purpose of the study
The purpose of the study is determined by the necessity to find effective ways to make the education in Jordan accessible, whereas information technologies and mobile technologies in schooling system have to be studied because they have a great potential that has to be researched. Therefore, the study should focus on the current schooling system and potential introduction of the e-schooling system along with the study of the information technologies and mobile technologies applicable to the schooling system of Jordan.
Methods used in the study should be both quantitative and qualitative because they will help to assess the current situation and potential of the introduction of information technologies and mobile technologies in the schooling system of Jordan.
iv. Review of the Literature
The literature review focuses on the problem of the contemporary schooling system of Jordan and the use of information and mobile technologies to improve the quality of education and facilitate the learning process. Researchers (Sproull and Kiesler, 1991) recognize the fact that schooling system in Jordan provides students with a limited access to information and mobile technologies because of their low integration in the schooling system of the country. In such a situation, the current study will focus on the analysis of the potential of information technologies and mobile technologies in the context of education because modern information technologies and mobile technologies can improve the quality of education and they allow students and educators to communicate online regardless of their physical location. In such a situation, some researchers (Yagelsh, 2006) speak about the new prospects of home education and distance education, which imply the use of information technologies and new mobile devices and telecommunication systems.
Today, many specialists (Rheingold, 2000) consider the introduction of new technologies very prospective in terms of the fast and effective development of schooling system. At the same time, the development of new technologies contributes to the faster development of schools that needs training of educators as well as students who have to be able not only to use new technologies but also easily adapt to new technologies without any external assistance from the part of educators or IT professionals (Rheingold, 2000). In Jordan, such transformations are quite difficult taking into consideration the low level of information technologies being implemented in schooling system of Jordan.
On the other hand, some specialists (Rheingold, 2000) argue that e-schooling tends to be replaced by m-schooling in the future. What is meant here is the fact that the development of mobile technologies facilitates consistently the learning process and access to education. In fact, the use of mobile phones, I-phones facilitates consistently the learning process because students can contact educators and get the learning material as well as any other information they need in the course of learning via their mobile phones and internet connection.
Moreover, today, there are mobile and virtual communities where students can share their ideas, knowledge and information and just communicate with each other. Potentially, such virtual and mobile communities can be used in the learning process for educators can create such virtual communities and students can access them easily. In such a way, education becomes a part of the regular life of students. They can use their mobile phones to access libraries, educators, other students, etc. (Volti, 2005). Therefore, what students need to get education is the desire to study and a mobile phone with internet connection.
On analyzing the current situation in Jordan, many specialists (Yagelsh, 2006) point out that today mobile technologies are available to the overwhelming majority of the population of Jordan to the extent that, in a way, mobile technologies are even more available to students in Jordan than education proper, especially higher education. The implementation of mobile technologies in education and schooling system of Jordan will need substantial financial resources as well as technological developments. In this regard, the schooling system of Jordan can follow the lead of the US, where concepts of “iPhone University” and “Mobile University” (Volti, 2005). Basically, these models can be implemented successfully in Jordan, where they can be adapted to local schooling setting. At the same time, it should be said that the use of mobile technologies in schooling system is likely to be welcomed by students, who tend to develop their social relationships using social-mobile technologies (Rheingold, 2000). The latter means the development of social relations with people using mobile phones and information technologies as well as mobile telecommunication systems which allow people to communicate with each other and transfer data regardless of their physical location.
To facilitate the introduction of mobile schooling system of Jordan, Jordan authorities and educators can refer to Apple, the manufacturer of iPhone, which plans to introduce the program “iPhone University” (Marshall, 2008). The company is likely to cooperate with educators in Jordan because it may bring considerable profits to the company and it will be a good promotion for its advanced technologies.
v. Hypotheses and Questions for the research
The hypothesis of the research is that information technologies and mobile technologies, being implemented en masse, can lead to the development of e-schooling system in Jordan that will make education accessible to all students and improve the quality of education consistently. Previous researches recommend introducing information technologies and mobile technologies to back-up conventional schooling system, whereas the current study suggests the creation of the e-schooling system based on the use of information technologies and mobile technologies instead of conventional schooling system in Jordan. This study is scientifically important because it focuses on new prospects of the use of information technologies and mobile technologies in education that may have a long-lasting positive effect not only on schooling system in Jordan but also on the national economy.
vi. Methodology and Approach
The research may face certain constraints in regard to the adequate assessment of mechanisms of the introduction of information technologies and mobile technologies in the schooling system of Jordan because it is unclear whether Jordan will get international support to carry out the project, whereas Jordan needs the assistance of foreign specialists, who have extensive experience in the development of the e-schooling and m-schooling systems. For instance, Apple’s iPhone University’s experience may be very helpful and this experience may be extrapolated in the schooling system in Jordan. At the same time, it is possible to use not only quantitative methods of analysis but also qualitative ones to assess the readiness of Jordan’s society to the use of information technologies and mobile technologies in education.
vii. Facilities to be used in the research study
The study will study information technologies, mobile devices, telecommunication systems available to the modern schooling system. These technologies and devices may be used in the study on the ground of several schools in Jordan to assess their impact on students’ performance and schooling setting. The resources may be acquired in terms of international educational programs.
viii. Data Collection
The data should be collected from the official sources, such as Ministry of Education of Jordan to obtain statistical data on access to education of students in Jordan and possible barriers. In addition, it is important to use interviews of students, educators, information technology specialists to assess the potential impact of information technologies on the schooling system and to assess the readiness of the schooling system of Jordan to the introduction of information technologies en masse. In terms of the experiment, involving several schools, where information technologies are applied, the performance of students and the use of information technologies by educators will be observed to find out the impact on the performance of students and the overall effectiveness of learning. At the same time, it is possible to trace changes in curriculum introduced by educators in response to the new information technologies.
ix. Data Analysis
In terms of data analysis T-test and Null hypothesis can be used to assess quantitative data. In addition, it is possible to analyze interviews and observation and critically evaluate them referring to other studies conducted in this field.
x. Research finding and description
a. Current research study area
b. Future expectation of the study area
c. Help from other resources (UNISCO)
d. Solution implementation for the study
xi. Summarization
a. Summary of the study
b. Summary of the solution plan
c. Discussions
xii. References and citations

 

Citations:
Andrew S. (2003). Computer Networks. (4th Ed), Prentice Hall.
Hooks, B. (1994). “Confronting class in the classroom.” In Teaching to Transgress. Routledge.
Kurtus, R. (2002). Return-on-Investments from E-Learning, CBT and WBT. Retrieved on April 21, 2010 from http://www.school-for-champions.com/elearning/roi.htm
Lucas, H. and Baroudi, J. (2002). “The role of Information Technology in Organization Design.” Journal of Management Information Systems, vol. 10(4), 45-52.
Marsal, K. (2008) [accessed on 3 May 2010] http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/08/02/27/apple_holds_big_plans_for_iphone_university_on_college_campuses.html
Mohrman, S. A. (1998). Tomorrow’s organization: Crafting winning capabilities in a dynamic world. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Peters, T. J. (2002). In search of excellence: Lessons from America’s best-run companies. New York: Harper & Row.
Rheingold, H. (2000). The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. New York: Random House.
Russell, G. (2002). The Modern Education. New York: Random House.
Schein, E. H. (1999). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bas
Sproull, L., and Kiesler, S. (1991). Connections. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Volti, R. (2005). Society and Technological Change. New York: Random House.
Wilkins, A. L. (1999). Developing Corporate Character: How to successfully change an organization without destroying it. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Yagelsh, R.P. (2006). Abby’s Lament: Does Literacy Matter? New York: Allyson and Bacon.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Appendices:
Interview questions:
Questions to educators:
What is the scope of use of information technologies in schooling system of Jordan today?
What is your opinion about the use of information technologies at schools?
Do you use information technologies in your work?
Do they (ITs) help your students to learn better and achieve academic success?
How often do you use ITs?
What is the feedback from your students concerning ITs used?
What are the problems related to the implementation of ITs in your school you have experienced?
Questions to students?
Do you use ITs while learning or preparing to you classes?
What ITs do you use?
Do you find ITs useful/helpful for your learning?
Do your teachers use ITs?
Do you think ITs improve your learning?
Questions to IT specialists:
What ITs are currently used in education?
What are advantages of ITs and how they can facilitate the learning process?
What are possible difficulties of the implementation and use of ITs in schooling setting?
What is the equipment of schooling system of Jordan with ITs, computers, and other IT-related devices?
What are prospects or new ITs that can be implemented in schooling system in the future?



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