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Boboli garden in Florence – is known worldwide as one of the most relevant Italian gardens, it is so famous, that its name evokes the image of the garden of the Renaissance. Boboli is considered to be one of the best achievements of the Italian art of gardening.
The one park that we see today is mainly the result of two initiatives: the first – the 16th century garden, located behind the Pitti Palace, the second – is the Callitris alley, created by Giulio Paridzhi and planted between 1630 and 1631 years.
The creation of garden of Medici began when Eleanor, the wife of Cosimo I, bought the estate known as the “Garden of the Pitti”, named after its first owners.
Niccolo Perichole, known as Tribolo, was ordered to create a garden. The master had based as the schemes of garden the axis of perspective, which crosses the entrance to the palace and goes up along the hill behind it. In the place where once was a quarry, the master built an amphitheater, divided by ragnaie (woods) and framed by fruit trees. To the left of the palace a huge flower garden was planted.
Many specialists worked on this magnificent garden. When Tribolo died, his business continued David Fortini, then (between 1554 and 1561 years) – Giorgio Vasari, which was followed by Bartolomeo Ammannati (from 1560 to 1583). After 1574 in the Boboli worked Bernardo Buontalenti on the order of Francesco I.
In the early 17th century Cosimo II decided to expand the garden outside the bastions that were built during the war with Siena. Giulio Paridzhi worked in the gardens in 1612, and created a cypress alley. Paridzhi remade the amphitheater garden behind Pitti Palace into the Green Theatre, built of stone in 1630, and this work was completed by Alfonso Paridzhi.
On the initiative of Pietro Leopoldo was built Kaffeehouse (1775); Zanobi Del Rosso constructed limonaia (1777-1778), and Nicolo Gaspereau Paoletti made Palazzina della Meridiana (1776).
In the 19 century was built Annalena palazzina (villa) and the Grotto, and the garden has undergone great change: the old maze was reconstructed to give space for the driveway, created by Pochchianti Pasquale (1834).
Boboli garden – is a model of a garden-museum, a garden created to demonstrate the ancient and modern sculptures. It can also be regarded as an ideal example of garden art, an amalgam of elements, which, passing through the centuries, turned into an extraordinary work of art.
Walking along the two main axes of the garden – a 16th century, which runs through the amphitheater to the statue of Abundance, and the other Callitris alley the 17th century – the visitor sees the stunning examples of garden art. Among them are the garden Kaffeehaus, green theater around the pond Forkone (Forcone) and a small garden in the Baroque style.
Before Palazzina della Meridiana (“the Sunny Villa”) is the second outdoor theater, which is dominated by a marble Pegasus (transferred here from the park di Pratolino), and a small rose garden that belongs to a small grotto Madama with a statue of Jupiter.
Important elements of garden architecture include large hedges framing the paths leading through the old selvatico, or areas covered with wild plants, and ragnaie – a part of the garden belonging to the 17 century, which is particularly charming part of the garden art. The islet in the center of the pond – is a magnificent garden on the water in the Baroque style, created to show the potted citrus trees. (The garden and landscape guide)
Grotticina di Madama and the Great Grotto Boboli Gardens are among the first garden grottos built in Italy. Complicated by the structure, from a technical point of view, these two grottos are a unique testimony to the cultural and artistic environment, an environment where science and philosophy, aesthetics and charm intertwined in one delightful whole.
In Boboli trees, hedges, lawns and flowers are the elements that give it exceptional interest and extraordinary beauty. Cypress avenue and cerchiate (alley) from the majestic holly, green walls, harmoniously sharing the space, hedges of boxwood, forming a geometric elements – all these make the garden is not only a living work of art, but also an invaluable testimony to the history of art of gardening in Italy. (The garden and landscape guide)

The Canada Garden at the Canadian Embassy in Tokio – is one of the examples of the modern art of gardening and architecture. The garden was made in 1993 by Shunmyo Masuno, one of the most innovative garden designers working in Japan today. The idea was to create a garden symbolic of Canada, that is true to the spirit of Japanese culture. Designed by a Zen priest, Shunmyo Masuno, the only one living priest-designer, the garden is made in the Japanese tradition, with raked gravel and rocks, that represent ocean waves and islands. (Moriyama & Teshima Architects.)
The open air Canada garden was made to show the feeling of space, that is so typical to Canada, and that is so impressive for Japanese visitors. It is located in the Canadian Embassy building, on the 4th floor.
It is necessary to point out that the building of the Embassy is the eight-storey structure that is split in half horizontally, and that also has a symbolic shape, that is an example of modern style in architecture.
The idea of the garden is it’s contrast style: on the one hand visitors can see the serene and timeless beauty of a traditional Japanese garden, and on the other side they see the rugged and wild Canadian landscape (the Canadian Shield). (Moriyama & Teshima Architects.)
The Canadian Shield is represented by the ancient rocks (made the use of stones brought from Hiroshima), prairies, mountains, forests, rivers and lakes. Then visitors leave the Canadian Shield, cross the Pacific on stepping stones and enter the Japanese garden through a stone portal. (Moriyama & Teshima Architects.)
This contrast of Canadian landscape and Japanese garden underlines the contrast between two countries and two cultures. Also, there is a symbol of contact of two cultures is represent a bronze sculpture that rises from a from a pool of water.

 

These two gardens represent two different opposite styles: the Boboli garden in Florence, that is an example of the best classical Italian style of gardening and architecture, and the Canadian park in Tokyo, that is an example of the modern style of gardening and architecture.
First of all these two gardens have different ideas: the first garden was made to show the beauty of art of gardening, architecture and sculpture, and the second garden was made with a certain idea, and designers used plants, architecture and sculpture to express that idea. The greatest contrast is in the use of architecture, sculptures, furniture and materials.

 

 

 

 

 

Works cited
Giardino di Boboli. The garden and landscape guide. Web. 21 July 2010
Boboli garden. The Courtauld Institute of art. Web. 21 July 2010
Canadian Embassy in Tokyo, Japan. Moriyama & Teshima Architects. Web. 21 July 2010
Canada Garden. Moriyama & Teshima Architects. Web. 21 July 2010



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