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It is difficult to imagine our life without electricity. We need it for lighting and for the use of electrical appliances in our houses. Many people use electricity for heating water, cooking food, heating, air conditioning and many other things.

In this case, the more we use electricity, the more our accounts are for it. So, the power plants, which use fossil fuel not only produce more electricity, but also pollute more. Our energy security depends on depletion of fossil fuels.

Considering the global electricity market, it is understandable that the total world electricity production is increasing every year. For example, in 2006 it amounted to 18,930 billion kWh, which was 3.4% more than in 2005.

Graph 1: Electricity production by region in 1971-2006 years; billion kilowatt-hours

From: IEA. Key World Energy Statistics 2008.

Graph 2. Final consumption of electricity in 1973 and 2006 by types of fuel; million tons of oil equivalent.

**Other includes geothermal, solar, wind and other forms of energy.

from: IEA. Key World Energy Statistics 2008.

The features of energy development at the present level are sharp tightening of environmental requirements, the transition to high-energy and resource technologies and attempts to find alternative sources of energy. Nevertheless, today the main contribution to world electricity production is made by coal (40%), considerably less – gas (19%) and by 16% – nuclear and hydropower.

Graph 3.  Electricity production in the world by types of fuel, %

The scientists are sure (the forecast till 2030), that the leadership in the growth generating capacity will belong to coal. Next in priority are gas, hydro-electricity from renewable sources, and a very small role is played by nuclear energy.

Coal, which is the main source of electricity today, is an exhaustible source that is why there is an attempt to reduce the power consumption by the state, family, and even by every person. After analyzing the data on the ratio of energy consumption and the number of people in a family, we can conclude that the larger the family is, the less energy per person it spends. For example, a family of two people spends 532, and a family of five or more people – only 97.

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There is also a need to mention that 80% of people had actual variable data – 3 or less.

Not only in the U.S. has a tendency to reduce energy consumption per person and large families. For example in Germany, according to the survey of clients of Bundesverband der Energie-und Wasserwirtschaft (BDEW) for 2000, the average consumption of electricity, depending on the number of people in the family, is represented by the following figures:

– One person – 1800 kilowatt-hours per year

– Family of 2 persons – 3000 kilowatt-hours/year

– Family of 3 persons – 3900 kilowatt-hours/year

– Family of 4 persons – 4400 kilowatt-hours/year

These data shows that there more people are in the family, the less average power consumption by 1 person is.

So, every year for household needs people spend an increasingly large number of electricity, gas, heat, water; the use of home electrified equipment is also increasing. Meanwhile, many fields in have been exhausted, and we need to look for the new. And the costs are very expensive. That is why saving becomes an important source of economic growth. Calculations show, and practice confirms that each unit of money spent on activities related to energy conservation, provides a same effect as the twice amount spent on increasing its production.

So, it is possible to save energy by increasing the number of people in families. The above data show that the more people are in the family, the lower the average power consumption by 1 person is.