Buy essay on Medical ethics

“IS it ethical?” This question is asked for thousands of times a year in surgeries, medical research and health planning departments. The question “Is it ethical” usually means; The guidelines governing clinical research? or does it fit with the accepted norms of current medical practice? It is not easy to answer without knowing the exact details of the particular situation and we should think clearly through all the relevant issues. Moreover, to understand this question we should define the meaning of ethics or morals and medical ethics.
The word “ethics” means the philosophical study of the moral values of human contact and the rules and principles that ought to govern it. (Alan G, Paul RV,2007, p 4).
However, there is another name for ethics which is moral philosophy. Ethics is a Greek word and moral is a Latin word but it is the same idea. In fact word “morals” seems more practical and tend to be used more about individual behavior and emotional aspect. While, word “ethics tend to be used in framework and set of principles” (Alan G & Paul RV, 2007).
Medical ethics means “obligations of a moral ideals, rules and codes of conduct that govern the behaviour of medical professionals”. (Grenz and smith, 2003, p 74).
Medical ethics is a branch of ethics that deals with moral issues in medical practice. Particularly, it is a study of moral values, which judge the clinical settings and medical practicing as well as medical research. Medical ethics tend to share many principles with other branches of bioethics and health care ethics, such as nursing ethics. There are many values in medical which seems to defer by religions, laws and cultures. In facts, religion is crucial in medical ethics because if we kept religion out of medical ethics, the values and beliefs of many doctors and patients will be ignored.
Medical ethics is very specific field of human morality, the specificity lies in the fact that all the behavioral models, principles, assessment and standards aimed at preserving human life and improve their health. Ethical Problems of Medicine troubled “people in white coats”, a very long time, and the first rules of ethics have been recorded in the famous Hippocratic oath. The text of the oath and is the basis for the rest of the moral and ethical standards of professional physicians.
In 1947 was established the World Medical Association, the beginning of the work was the signing of the document “Geneva Declaration”, which proclaims once again a key place humanism in medical science and practice, but also puts the medical profession the above policy, ideology, war and other social institutions. (Jones 2006)
But anyway, nowadays there are a lot of questions concerning what is ethical and what’s not, that still have no certain answers.

The problem of aborting and artificial insemination from the ethical point of view
Abortion, contraception and sterilization – are modern forms of medical intervention in the reproductive capacity of man. In the XX century, it has become widespread and occurs on a background of fundamental changes in its moral assessment and legal status. The civilized world – especially the states of Europe and the USA – are trying to get rid of the tradition in which they lived for almost 15 centuries: it is a tradition of moral and religious convictions and outlawing of abortion.
The attitude to the issue of medical abortion is ambiguous since antiquity until today. The well-known Oath of Hippocrates clearly states: “…I do not give a woman an abortive remedy…” ((Jones 2006)
But nowadays anywhere in the world a woman can decide about the need for abortion. Numerous studies indicate that if such a decision is made, it often does not depend on existing in this country traditions, religious beliefs, laws on abortion and the possible health risk.
Since the postwar years, the legal status of abortion in various countries is gradually changing in the direction of liberalization. In Japan, abortion was permitted in 1948, in Eastern Europe, China and the Soviet Union – in the 1950th. This trend continued in the 60-70th years, when abortion was legalized in Western Europe and the United States, saved it and now. Over the past years, abortion was completely legalized in Romania, Belgium and Albania.(United Nations Population Division)
Although most countries have restrictive laws about abortion, legal abortion is not only available for 25% of women in the world. This is due to the fact that abortion is banned mainly in states with small populations, but allowed for the woman’s request (China, former USSR, USA) or for social reasons (India) in countries with the majority of the world’s population. (United Nations Population Division)
It should be noted, however, that sometimes in countries with restrictive legislation, medical abortion may be more available than in countries where it is allowed.
Revolutionary advances of the XX century gave the possibility of contraception and artificial insemination. Along with induced abortion, a contraception and sterilization are forms of medical intervention in the generative function of women.