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The Mona Lisa (also known as La Gioconda or La Joconde) is the portrait of a young woman, painted in oil on a poplar panel by Italian artist Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci during the Renaissance in 1503. Mona Lisa is one of the most famous paintings in the world. Nowadays it is exhibited in the Musée du Louvre (Paris, France). The full name of Italian painting is Ritratto di Monna Lisa Del Giocondo – “Portrait of Madame Lisa Giocondo” (Sassoon 2002).
History of the painting. There is no other painting by Leonardo in which the depth and haze of the atmosphere is transferred to such perfection as in “Mona Lisa”. This aerial perspective is probably the best of performance. “Mona Lisa” has got the worldwide fame not only because of the quality of the work of Leonardo, which impresses art lovers and professionals. Painting has been studied by historians and copied by painters.
Mystery of the Model. It is rather difficult to identify the woman on the portrait. Until today, on this occasion it was offered a lot of controversial opinions: the wife of Florentine merchant Del Giocondo; Isabella of Este; just a perfect woman; a young boy in the women’s apparel; self-portrait of Leonardo.
But according to Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574), the author of biographies of Italian artists, Mona Lisa (short for Madonna Lisa) was the wife of Florentine Francesco del Giocondo, for whose portrait Leonardo spent four years, but left it unfinished (Barolsky 1987).
The mystery of the stranger on the portrait attracts millions of visitors to the Louvre each year.
Description of the painting. The painting is a half-length portrait and depicts a sitting woman whose facial expression is frequently described as enigmatic (De’ Firenze 2002). She sits in a chair, hands are clasped together, one hand is resting on its armrest, and the other is resting on top. Her face is turned to the viewer. Parted smoothly and lay flat hair, seen through the transparent veil (with some assumptions – an attribute of widowhood), fall on the shoulders with two thick, slightly wavy strands. The green dress in thin assemblies with yellow sleeves in the folds, cut low on the white breast. Her head is turned slightly (Depriest 2008).
The Art critic Boris Whipper, describing the picture, points out that in the face of Mona Lisa traces the fashion of Quattrocento: she shaved her eyebrows and hair on the top of the forehead (Mohen 2006).
The lower edge of the picture cuts off the second half of her body, thus, the portrait is almost a lap. The chair in which the model sits is standing on the balcony or loggia; the line of parapet is visible behind her elbows. It is believed that in the past the picture could be wider and contain two side columns of the loggia, but just now there are only two bases of columns, the fragments of which are visible on the edges of the parapet. Loggia goes to the desert wilderness with winding streams and lakes surrounded by snow-capped mountains, which extends to an elevated line of the horizon behind the figure.



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